Context:
India retains 40th rank out of 132 economies in the Global Innovation Index 2023 rankings published by the World Intellectual Property Organization.
About GII:
- It is a reliable tool for governments across the world to assess the innovation-led social and economic changes in their respective countries.
- Co-published annually by – Cornell University, INSEAD Business School, and WIPO.
- Criteria to measure innovation: Covers institutions, human capital and research, infrastructure, credit, investment, linkages, creation, absorption and diffusion of knowledge, and creative outputs.
Key findings of the report:
- For a 13th consecutive year, Switzerland ranks first in the GII.
- India leads the lower middle-income group and is stable.
- India continues as record holder by being innovation over-performer for a 13th consecutive year.
- The ascent of India in terms of publication output (ranking 4th in 2022), overtaking the UK (5th) and Germany (3rd).
- India has 4 technology clusters among the top 100 clusters: Bengaluru, Delhi, Chennai and Mumbai.
About WIPO:
- Genesis – Specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1967.
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Objective – Dedicated to developing a balanced and accessible international Intellectual Property (IP) system which rewards creativity, stimulates innovation and contributes to economic development.
- Membership – 193 member states (India is a member since 1975)
- Organizational structure – General Assembly and the Coordination Committee
- Major Treaties – India is a member of all the three treaties.
- Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1998)
- Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1928)
- Patent Cooperation Treaty (1998)
Source: PIB
Previous Year Question
Which one of the following is not a sub-index of the World Bank’s ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2019 Prelims]
(a) Maintenance of law and order
(b) Paying taxes
(c) Registering property
(d) Dealing with construction permits
Answer: (a)
