Context:
Cameroon in Central Africa adopted Nagoya Protocol to benefit from its rich biodiversity
Nagoya Protocol:
- Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing is an international agreement
- A supplementary agreement to the United Nation Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD).
- Aim – to ensure that the benefits of using genetic resources and traditional knowledge are shared in a fair and equitable way (1 of the 3 main objectives of UNCBD).
- Approved in Nagoya, Japan
- Ratified by 137 parties (European Union + 136 UN member states)
- India – ratified at the 11th Conference of Parties (COP)
United Nation Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD):
- A multilateral treaty that was opened for signature during the 1992 Rio Earth Summit.
- Entered into force on 29 December 1993
- Secretariat – Montreal, Canada.
- 3 main objectives –
- The conservation of biological diversity
- The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity
- The fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources
- Signed by 196 nations.
- Ratified by around 175 countries
- Legally binding to those who signed
- India – signatory to the Convention
- 2 UN member nations not Parties to the CBD – United States and the Vatican.
- Other protocols and plans by CBD –
- The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety – convention that governs the international movement of living-modified organisms (LMOs).
- Aichi Targets – approved during Nagoya summit is a short-term strategy that includes a set of 20 ambitious yet feasible goals.
Source: Down To Earth
Previous Year Question
Consider the following pairs:
Terms have sometimes seen in the news Their origin
1. Annex-I Countries Cartagena Protocol
2. Certified Emissions Reductions Nagoya Protocol
3. Clean Development Mechanism Kyoto Protocol
which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2016 Prelims]
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
Option 1 is not correct:
Annex I countries comes under Kyoto Protocol
Cartagena Protocol – convention that governs the international movement of living-modified organisms (LMOs).
Option 2 is not correct:
Nagoya Protocol – to ensure that the benefits of using genetic resources and traditional knowledge are shared in a fair and equitable way.
