Context:
Union Power and New & Renewable Energy Minister recently inaugurated International Conference on Green Hydrogen (ICGH 2023) in New Delhi.
ICGH 2023:
- Aim –
- To explore the establishment of Green Hydrogen ecosystem
- To foster a systemic approach for decarbonization through Green Hydrogen
About Green Hydrogen:
- What: hydrogen generated by renewable energy or from low-carbon power
- Process: Electrolysis of water using renewable energy sources.
- Uses –
- Chemical industry: Manufacturing ammonia and fertilisers.
- Petrochemical industry: Production of petroleum products.
- Used in the steel industry (Green Steel)
Electrolysis is the process of splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen by application of electrical energy, and the hydrogen produced can be used as a clean and renewable fuel.
- Electrolyser –
- An electrolyser is a device capable of splitting water molecules into their constituent Oxygen (O2) and Hydrogen (H2) atoms.
- Types of Electrolysers:
- Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)
- Alkaline electrolyser
- Proton exchange membrane (PEM)
- Advantages of Hydrogen: High calorific value, alternative to coke and coal in steel production, fuel cells in electric vehicles etc.
- Constraints in using hydrogen: High cost of electrolyser technology, high price of green hydrogen, difficult to transport and store etc.
Green Steel is the manufacturing of steel without the use of fossil fuels by using low-carbon energy sources such as hydrogen, coal gasification, or electricity.
? Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles produce one of the following as “exhaust”
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2010 Prelims]
(a) NH3
(b) CH4
(c) H2O
(d) H2O2
With reference to green hydrogen, Consider the following statements :
1. It can be used directly as a fuel for internal combustion.
2. It can be blended with natural gas and used as fuel for heat or power generation.
3. It can be used in the hydrogen fuel cell to run vehicles.
How many of the above statements are correct?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2023 Prelims]
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Consider the following heavy industries :
1. Fertilizer plants
2. Oil refineries
3. Steel plants
Green hydrogen is expected to play a significant role in decarbonizing how many of the above industries?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2023 Prelims]
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Source: PIB