Context:
Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge adopted
Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge:
- 1st World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Treaty to address the interface between Intellectual Property (IP), Genetic Resources (GR) and Traditional Knowledge (TK) and include provisions specifically for indigenous people
- Objective – To establish in international law a new disclosure requirement for patent applicants whose inventions are based on GR or associated TK.
- Disclosure – Such patent applicants must disclose –
- Country of origin or source of GR
- Indigenous peoples or local community that provided the associated TK.
- Members – Any member states of WIPO may become party to this treaty.
- Not applicable on patents filed prior to entry into force of this treaty.
WIPO:
- Genesis – Specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1967.
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Objective – Dedicated to developing a balanced and accessible international Intellectual Property (IP) system which rewards creativity, stimulates innovation and contributes to economic development.
- Membership – 193 member states (India is a member since 1975)
- Organizational structure – General Assembly and the Coordination Committee
- Major Treaties –
- Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1998)
- Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1928)
- Patent Cooperation Treaty (1998)
- India is a member of all the 3 treaties.
- Major Report – Global Innovation Index
Source: PIB
Previous Year Question
Consider the following statements:
1. India has ratified the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) of WTO.
2. TFA is a part of WTO’s Bali Ministerial Package of 2013.
3. TFA came into force in January 2016.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
[UPSC Civil Service Exam – 2017 Prelims]
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Statement 3 is not correct. It came into force in February 2017 and not in 2016
