Gist of G20 New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration

G20 Theme(2023):

Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam ie,We are One Earth, One Family, and we share One Future.

In the G20 New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration,the leaders made commitments to achieve different global goals.

RESOLUTIONS

Strong, Sustainable,Balanced and Inclusive Growth

Global Economic Situation

• Well-calibrated monetary, fiscal, financial, and structural policies to promote growth, reduce inequalities and maintain macroeconomic and financial stability.
• Enhance macro policy cooperation and support the progress towards the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
• Promote Strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth (SSBIG)
• Use macroprudential policies to safeguard against downside risks.
• Prioritize temporary and targeted fiscal measures to protect the poor and the most vulnerable, while maintaining medium-term fiscal sustainability.
• Promote supply-side policies, especially policies that increase labour supply and enhance productivity to boost growth and alleviate price pressures.
• Recognise the critical role of private enterprise in accelerating growth and driving sustainable economic transformations.
• Establishment of the Start-up 20 Engagement Group

Unlocking Trade for Growth

• A rules-based, non-discriminatory, fair, open, inclusive, equitable, sustainable and transparent multilateral trading system, with WTO at its core, is indispensable.
• Support policies that enable trade and investment to serve as an engine of growth and prosperity for all.
• Ensure a level-playing field and fair competition by discouraging protectionism and market distorting practices.
• Pursue WTO reform to improve all its functions through an inclusive member-driven process.
• Adoption of G20 Generic Framework for Mapping Global Value Chains (GVC) to help members identify risks and build resilience. 
• Jaipur Call for Action for enhancing MSMEs’ access to information to promote the integration of MSMEs into international trade.
• Make efforts to encourage implementation, and encourage other countries to consider High-Level Principles on Digitalization of Trade Documents.
• Ensure that trade and environment policies should be mutually supportive, consistent with WTO and multilateral environmental agreements.
• Recognize the importance of WTO’s ‘Aid for Trade’ initiative to enable developing countries, notably LDCs(Least Developed Countries), to effectively participate in global trade, including through enhanced local value creation.

Preparing for the Future of Work

• Address skill gaps, promote decent work and ensure inclusive social protection policies for all.
• Recognise that well-integrated and adequately skilled workers benefit origin and destination countries alike and commit to working towards ensuring well-managed, regular and skills-based migration pathways.
• Map global skill gaps and the development of the G20 policy priorities to address skill gaps globally, including through further strengthening our national statistical data.
• Development of an international reference classification of occupations by skill and qualification requirements to facilitate cross-country comparability and mutual recognition of skills and qualifications. 
• Aim to achieve sustainably financed universal social protection coverage and consider portability of social security benefits through bilateral and multilateral agreements. 
• Support progress on the implementation of the UN Global Accelerator on Jobs and Social Protection for Just Transitions. 
• Ensure adequate social protection and decent working conditions for gig and platform workers. 
• Elimination of child labour and forced labour along global value chains.

Advancing Financial Inclusion

• Endorse the Regulatory Toolkit for Enhanced Digital Financial Inclusion of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).
• Promote Financial Inclusion and Productivity Gains through Digital Public Infrastructure.
• Encourage the continuous development and responsible use of technological innovations including innovative payment systems.
• Efforts to strengthen digital financial literacy and consumer protection.
• Endorse the G20 2023 Financial Inclusion Action Plan (FIAP) provides an action oriented and forward-looking roadmap for rapidly accelerating the financial inclusion of individuals and MSMEs.

Fighting Corruption 

Accelerating Progress on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Recommitting to Achieving SDGs

• Collective action for effective and timely implementation of the G20 2023 Action Plan to Accelerate Progress on the SDGs, including its High-Level Principles.
• Recognise the role of digital transformation, AI, data advances, and the need to address digital divides.
• Endorse the G20 Principles on Harnessing Data for Development (D4D) and the decision to launch Data for Development Capacity Building Initiative.
• Mobilization of affordable, adequate and accessible financing from all sources to support developing countries in their domestic efforts to address bottlenecks for implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda.
• Highlight the crucial role of tourism and culture as a means for sustainable socioeconomic development and economic prosperity, and take note of the Goa Roadmap for Tourism as one of the vehicles for achieving the SDGs.
• Address the SDG financing gap through an SDG stimulus, and will provide full support to the United Nations 2023 SDG Summit, the United Nations Summit of the Future, and other relevant processes.
• Action to scale up sustainable finance.

Eliminating Hunger and Malnutrition 

 Strengthening Global Health and Implement One Health Approach

• Strengthen the global health architecture, with the World Health Organization (WHO) at its core.
• Strengthen primary health care and health workforce and improve essential health services and health systems.
• Continue progress towards polio eradication and ending ongoing epidemics including AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis and water-borne and other communicable diseases.
• Promote the One Health-based approach driven by the Quadripartite’s One Health Joint Plan of Action (2022-2026). 
• Enhance the resilience of health systems and support development of climate resilient and low-carbon health systems in collaboration with MDBs, and support the work of the WHO-led Alliance for Transformative Action on Climate and Health.
• Implement and prioritize tackling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) following the One Health approach through antimicrobial consumption surveillance.
• Facilitate equitable access to safe, effective, quality-assured, and affordable vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, and other medical countermeasures, especially in Low-and Middle-income Countries (LMICs), LDCs and SIDS. 
• Recognize the potential role of evidence-based Traditional and Complementary Medicine in health, and take note of international efforts in this direction, including WHO’s global and collaborating centres, and clinical trial registries.
• Support the WHO-led inclusive consultative process for the development of an interim medical countermeasures coordination mechanism.
• Promote and improve access to mental health services and psycho-social support in an inclusive manner.
• Call for strong international counter-narcotics cooperation, free of unnecessary restrictions, including information sharing and capacity building to disrupt production and proliferation of illicit drugs, including synthetic drugs, and precursor chemicals at their origin, in transit and at destination points. 

Finance-Health Collaboration  

• Strengthen the global health architecture for pandemic prevention, preparedness and response (PPR) through enhanced collaboration between Finance and Health Ministries under the Joint Finance and Health Task Force.

G20 approach to delivering Quality Education 

• Inclusive, equitable, high-quality education and skills training for all, including for those in vulnerable situations.
• Recognize the importance of foundational learning (literacy, numeracy, and socioemotional skills) as the primary building block for education and employment. 
• Reiterate our commitment to harness digital technologies to overcome the digital divides for all learners.
• Extend support to educational institutions and teachers to enable them to keep pace with emerging trends and technological advances including AI.
• Emphasize expanding access to high-quality Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). 
• Reaffirm our commitment to promote open, equitable and secure scientific collaboration and encourage mobility of students, scholars, researchers, and scientists across research and higher education institutions. 
• Emphasize the importance of enabling life-long learning focused on skilling, reskilling, and upskilling especially for vulnerable groups.

Culture as a Transformative Driver of SDGs

• Full recognition and protection of culture with its intrinsic value as a transformative driver and an enabler for the achievement of the SDGs and advance the inclusion of culture as a standalone goal in future discussions on a possible post-2030 development agenda.
• Strengthen our fight against illicit trafficking of cultural property at national, regional or international levels to enable its return and restitution to their countries and communities of origin.
• Strengthen cultural diplomacy and intercultural exchanges.
• Encourage the international community to protect the living cultural heritage, including the intellectual property, notably with regard to the impact of the over commercialization and misappropriation of such living heritage on the sustainability and on the livelihoods of practitioners and community bearers as well as Indigenous Peoples.

Green Development Pact for a Sustainable Future 

• Pursue environmentally sustainable and inclusive economic growth and development in an integrated, holistic and balanced manner. 
• Urgently accelerate  actions to address environmental crises and challenges including climate change by strengthening the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement and its temperature goal.
• Achieve global net zero GHG emissions/carbon neutrality by or around mid-century, while taking into account the latest scientific developments and in line with different national circumstances, taking into account different approaches including the Circular Carbon Economy, socioeconomic, technological, and market development, and promoting the most efficient solutions.

Macroeconomic risks stemming from climate change and transition pathways 

• International dialogue and cooperation, including in the areas of finance and technology, and timely policy action consistent with country-specific circumstances.
• Assess and account for the short, medium and long-term macroeconomic impact of both the physical impact of climate change and transition policies, including on growth, inflation, and unemployment.

G20 commitments on Mainstreaming Lifestyles for Sustainable Development (LiFE)

• Implement the G20 High-Level Principles on Lifestyles for Sustainable Development.
• Support the implementation of the High-Level Principles (HLPs) through international cooperation, financial support, and development, deployment and dissemination of technology.
• Encourage International Organizations to incorporate the HLPs into their programs, as appropriate.
• Launch of “Travel for LiFE” and support the development of smart destinations that are responsible and sustainable.

Designing a Circular Economy World

• Launch of Resource Efficiency and Circular Economy Industry Coalition (RECEIC).
• Enhance environmentally sound waste management, substantially reduce waste generation by 2030, and highlight the importance of zero waste  initiatives.

Implementing Clean, Sustainable, Just, Affordable & Inclusive Energy Transitions

• Accelerate clean, sustainable, just, affordable and inclusive energy transitions following various pathways, as a means of enabling strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth and achieve our climate objectives.
• Recognise the needs, vulnerabilities, priorities and different national circumstances of developing countries.
• Support strong international and national enabling environments to foster innovation, voluntary and mutually agreed technology transfer, and access to low-cost financing.
• Emphasize the importance of maintaining uninterrupted flows of energy from various sources, suppliers and routes, exploring paths of enhanced energy security and market stability.
• Support the acceleration of production, utilization, as well as the development of transparent and resilient global markets for hydrogen produced from zero and low emission technologies and its derivatives.
• Affirm the ‘G20 High Level Voluntary Principles on Hydrogen’, to build a sustainable and equitable global hydrogen ecosystem that benefits all nations.
• Initiative to establish the Green Hydrogen Innovation Centre steered by the International Solar Alliance (ISA).
• Access to low-cost financing for developing countries, for existing as well as new and emerging clean and sustainable energy technologies and for supporting the energy transitions.
• Encourage efforts to triple renewable energy capacity globally through existing targets and policies.
•  ‘Voluntary Action Plan for Promoting Renewable Energy to Accelerate Universal Energy Access’. 
• Pledge to advance cooperation initiatives to develop, demonstrate and deploy clean and sustainable energy technologies and solutions and other efforts for innovation.
•  ‘Voluntary Action Plan on Doubling the Rate of Energy Efficiency Improvement by 2030’.
• Recognize the importance of sustainable biofuels in our zero and low- emission development strategies, and the setting up of a Global Biofuels Alliance.
• Support reliable, diversified, sustainable and responsible supply chains for energy transitions, including for critical minerals and materials beneficiated at source, semiconductors and technologies.
• Recognize the role of grid interconnections, resilient energy infrastructure and regional/cross-border power systems integration, where applicable in enhancing energy security, fostering economic growth and facilitating universal energy access for all. 
• Recognise the importance to accelerate the development, deployment and dissemination of technologies, and the adoption of policies, to transition towards low-emission energy systems.

Delivering on Climate and Sustainable Finance

• Recognise the significant role of public finance as an important enabler of climate actions, such as leveraging much-needed private finance through blended financial instruments, mechanisms and risk-sharing facilities to address both adaptation and mitigation efforts in a balanced manner for reaching ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), carbon neutrality and net-zero considering different national circumstances.
• Endorse the multi-year G20 Technical Assistance Action Plan (TAAP) and the voluntary recommendations made to overcome data-related barriers to climate investments.
• Recognise the need for increased global investments to meet our climate goals of the Paris Agreement, and to rapidly and substantially scale up investment and climate finance from billions to trillions of dollars globally from all sources.
• Need of USD 5.8-5.9 trillion in the pre-2030 period required for developing countries, in particular for their needs to implement their NDCs, as well as the need of USD 4 trillion per year for clean energy technologies by 2030 to reach net zero emissions by 2050. 
• Implement the decision at COP27 on funding arrangements for responding to loss and damage for assisting developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, including establishing a fund.
• Call on Parties to set an ambitious, transparent and trackable New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) of climate finance in 2024.
• Acknowledge the vital role of private climate finance in supplementing public climate finance and encourage the development of financing mechanisms such as blended finance, de-risking instruments and green bonds for projects in developing countries.

Conserving, Protecting, Sustainably Using and Restoring Ecosystems

• Restore by 2030 at least 30% of all degraded ecosystems and scaling up efforts to achieve land degradation neutrality.
• Swift, full and effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF).
• Support the G20 ambition to reduce land degradation by 50% by 2040 on a voluntary basis, as committed under the G20 Global Land Initiative (GLI)
• Scale up efforts to protect, conserve and sustainably manage forests and combat deforestation, in line with internationally agreed timelines
• Avoid discriminatory green economic policies.
• Call for enhancing global cooperation and sharing of best practices on water, and welcome the deliberations at the UN 2023 Water Conference and G20 Dialogue on Water.

Harnessing and Preserving the Ocean-based Economy

• Conserving, protecting, restoring and sustainably using the world’s ocean, marine ecosystems, and look forward to making progress and in this regard, contributing to the 2025 UN Ocean Conference.
• Welcome Chennai High-Level Principles for a Sustainable and Resilient Blue/Ocean-based Economy.
• Adoption of the new international legally binding instrument under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) on the conservation and sustainable use of marine Biological diversity of areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) and call on all countries for its early entry into force and implementation. 
• Support the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), within the Antarctic Treaty system, to establish a representative system of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the CCAMLR Convention area based on the best available scientific evidence. 
• Reiterate commitment to ending illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, as well as destructive fishing methods in accordance with international law.

Ending Plastic Pollution

• Welcome the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (UNEP) to develop an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including the marine environment, with the ambition of completing its work by the end of 2024.
• Built on the G20 Marine Litter Action Plan as elucidated in the Osaka Blue Ocean Vision.

Financing Cities of Tomorrow

• Endorse the G20 Principles for Financing Cities of Tomorrow, which are voluntary and non-binding in nature and the G20/OECD Report on Financing Cities of Tomorrow, which provides a financing strategy as well as presents a compendium of innovative urban planning and financing models.
• Encourage stakeholders, including the Development Financial Institutions and the MDBs, to explore the potential of drawing upon these principles in their planning and financing of urban infrastructure wherever applicable and share experiences from early pilot cases.
• G20/ADB Framework on Capacity Building of Urban Administration to guide local governments in assessing and enhancing their overall institutional capacity for the effective delivery of public service

Reducing Disaster Risk and Building Resilient Infrastructure

• Urge for accelerating progress on Early Warning and Early Action through strengthening national and local capacities, innovative financing tools, private sector investment, and knowledge sharing.
• Continue to support augmentation of capabilities of all countries, including emerging economies, in particular developing countries, LDCs and SIDS, for promoting disaster and climate resilience of infrastructure systems.
• Take note of initiatives such as the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)
• Promote mutual learning of recovery experiences applying all the principles of Sendai Framework.

Multilateral Institutions for the 21st Century

Reforming International Financial Institutions 

• Pursue ambitious efforts to evolve and strengthen MDBs (Multilateral Development Bank)to address the global challenges of the 21st century with a continued focus on addressing the development needs of low- and middle-income countries. 
• Collectively mobilize more headroom and concessional finance to boost the World Bank’s capacity to support low and middle-income countries that need help in addressing global challenges.
• Strong, quota-based, and adequately resourced IMF at the centre of the global financial safety net.

Technological Transformation and Digital Public Infrastructure 

Building Digital Public Infrastructure 

• Welcome G20 Framework for Systems of Digital Public Infrastructure, a voluntary and suggested framework for the development, deployment and governance of DPI.
• Welcome India’s plan to build and maintain a Global Digital Public Infrastructure Repository (GDPIR), a virtual repository of DPI, voluntarily shared by G20 members and beyond.
• Recognise the Indian Proposal of the One Future Alliance (OFA), a voluntary initiative aimed to build capacity, and provide technical assistance and adequate funding support for implementing DPI in LMICs.

Building Safety, Security, Resilience and Trust in the Digital Economy

• Share approaches and good practices to build a safe, secure and resilient digital economy.
• Welcome Non-binding G20 High-level Principles to Support Businesses in Building Safety, Security, Resilience, and Trust in the Digital Economy.
• Welcome G20 Toolkit on Cyber Education and Cyber Awareness of Children and Youth. 

Crypto-assets: Policy and Regulation

• Endorse the Financial Stability Board’s (FSB’s) high-level recommendations for the regulation, supervision and oversight of crypto-assets activities and markets and of global stablecoin arrangements.
• Shared FSB and SSBs work plan for crypto assets.

Fostering Digital Ecosystems

• Resolve to deploy all available digital tools and technologies and spare no effort in fostering safe and resilient digital ecosystems, and ensure that every citizen on our planet is financially included.
• Promote responsible, sustainable and inclusive use of digital technology by farmers and an ecosystem of Agri-Tech start-ups and MSMEs.
• Establishment of the Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH) within a WHO-managed framework to build a comprehensive digital health ecosystem in compliance with respective data protection regulations.
• Leverage digital technologies for the protection and promotion of culture and cultural heritage and adopt digital frameworks for the development of cultural and creative sectors and industries.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Responsibly for Good and for All

• Endeavour to leverage AI for the public good by solving challenges in a responsible, inclusive and human-centric manner, while protecting people’s rights and safety.
• Ensure responsible AI development, deployment and use, the protection of human rights, transparency and explainability, fairness, accountability, regulation, safety, appropriate human oversight, ethics, biases, privacy, and data protection must be addressed.
• Equitably share its benefits and mitigate risk.
• A pro-innovation regulatory/governance approach that maximizes the benefits and takes into account the risks associated with the use of AI. 
• Promote responsible AI for achieving SDGs.

International Taxation

• Continue cooperation towards a globally fair, sustainable and modern international tax system appropriate to the needs of the 21st century.
• Swift implementation of the two-pillar international tax package.
• Welcome the steps taken by various countries to implement the Global Anti-Base Erosion (GloBE) Rules as a common approach.
• Swift implementation of the Crypto Asset Reporting Framework (“CARF”)

Gender Equality and Empowering All Women and Girls 

Enhancing Economic and Social Empowerment

• Encourage women-led development and remain committed to enhancing women’s full, equal, effective, and meaningful participation as decision makers for addressing global challenges.
• Achieve the Brisbane Goal to reduce the gap in labour force participation and implement the G20 Roadmap Towards and Beyond the Brisbane Goal ‘25 by 25’ and ask the ILO and OECD to report progress annually.
• Ensure equal access to affordable, inclusive, equitable, safe and quality education and support the greater enrolment, participation and leadership of all women in STEM fields and in emerging digital technologies. 
• Promote the full and meaningful participation of women in a transitioning world of work by enabling inclusive access to employment opportunities, with a focus on closing the gender pay gap and ensuring women’s equal access to decent work and quality jobs.
• Promote investment in the availability and accessibility of social protection, and to affordable care infrastructure to address the unequal distribution in paid and unpaid care and domestic work .
• Promote the continued participation of women in education and employment. 
• Eliminate gender-based violence including sexual violence, harassment, discrimination and abuse against women and girls both online and offline, and ensure safe workplaces in this regard. 
• Promote women’s inclusion into the formal financial system by strengthening their access to economic resources, particularly through digital finance and microfinance.
• Eliminate gender stereotypes and biases, and change norms, attitudes and behaviours that perpetuate gender inequality.

Bridging the Gender Digital Divide

• Halve the digital gender gap by 2030.
• Address gender norms and barriers to accessibility, affordability, adoption, and usage of digital technologies. 
• Promote regulatory policy frameworks that enable all women and girls to actively participate in the formulation and implementation of national digital strategies, including enhancing digital literacy and skills.
• Identify and eliminate all potential risks that women and girls encounter from increased digitalization, including all forms of online and offline abuse, by encouraging the adoption of safety-by-design approaches in digital tools and technologies.
• Promote and implement gender-responsive policies to create an enabling, inclusive, and non-discriminatory digital economy for women-led and -owned businesses, including MSMEs. 
• Encourage and support initiatives by identifying, funding, and accelerating proven solutions, thereby improving women’s livelihoods and income security. 
• Initiatives to support women empowerment in the digital economy.

Driving Gender Inclusive Climate Action

• Acknowledge the disproportionate impact of climate change, biodiversity loss, desertification and pollution on all women and girls, accelerating climate action must have gender equality at its core.
• Support and increase women’s participation, partnership, decision-making and leadership in climate change mitigation and adaptation, and disaster risk reduction strategies and policy frameworks on environmental issues.
• Support gender-responsive and environment-resilient solutions, including water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) solutions, to build resilience to the impact of climate change and environmental degradation.

Securing Women’s Food Security, Nutrition, and Well-Being

• Encourage investments in inclusive, sustainable and resilient agriculture and food systems.
• Support accessible, affordable, safe and nutritious food and healthy diets in school meal programmes.
• Promote innovation for inclusive agri-value chains and systems by and for women farmers.
• Support gender-responsive and age-sensitive nutrition and food system interventions by leveraging innovative financing instruments and social protection systems in ending hunger and malnutrition.

Creation of a Working Group on the Empowerment of Women

• Create a new Working Group on Empowerment of Women to support the G20 Women’s Ministerial.

Financial Sector Issues

• Effective implementation of the prioritized actions for the next phase of the G20 Roadmap for Enhancing Cross-border Payments to achieve global targets for faster, cheaper, more transparent and inclusive cross-border payments by 2027
• Strongly support the work of the FSB( Financial Stability Board ) to address vulnerabilities and enhance the resilience of non-bank financial intermediation (NBFI) from a systemic perspective while monitoring evolving developments in NBFI.

Countering Terrorism and Money laundering

• Efforts to increase the effectiveness of international cooperation should be strengthened to deny terrorist groups safe haven, freedom of operations, movement and recruitment, as well as financial, material or political support.
• International cooperation among States is critical to combat concern about illicit trafficking and diversion of small arms and light weapons.
•  Support the increasing resource needs of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and FATF Style Regional Bodies.
• Timely and global implementation of the revised FATF Standards on the transparency of beneficial ownership of legal persons and legal arrangements to make it more difficult for criminals to hide and launder ill-gotten gains.
• Effective regulatory and supervisory frameworks to mitigate risks associated with virtual assets in line with FATF Standards, especially for terrorism financing, money laundering, and proliferation financing risks.
• Support the FATF’s initiative to accelerate the global implementation of its standards, including the “travel rule”, and its work on risks of emerging technologies and innovations, including decentralized finance (DeFi) arrangements and peer-to-peer transactions. 

Creating a More Inclusive World

• Welcome the African Union as a permanent member of the G20 and strongly believe that inclusion of the African Union into the G20 will significantly contribute to addressing the global challenges of our time
• Strong support to Africa, including through the G20 Compact with Africa and G20 Initiative on supporting industrialization in Africa and LDCs(Least Developed Countries)
• Support migrants, including migrant workers and refugees in our efforts towards a more inclusive world, in line with national policies, legislations and circumstances, ensuring full respect for human rights and their fundamental freedoms regardless of their migration status.

Conclusion

The G20 Declaration is being hailed as both historic and groundbreaking. This declaration places a strong emphasis on several key priorities including fostering robust and sustainable economic growth, expediting advancements towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals, establishing a green development pact to promote environmental sustainability, and revitalizing the spirit of multilateralism.