Context:
Recently, Centre launched National Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Snakebite Envenoming (NAP-SE).
National Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Snakebite Envenoming (NAP-SE):
- A broad framework for management, prevention and control of Snake bite envenoming in India
- Launched by – Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
- Vision – To prevent and control snakebite envenoming in order to halve the numbers of deaths and cases of disability that it causes by 2030
- Through ‘One Health’ approach
- Mission – To progressively reduce the morbidity, mortality and its associated complications in humans due to Snake bite
- Piloted in – Puducherry, Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Andhra Pradesh and Delhi
- Materials launched – A booklet on ‘Snakebite , Posters on Do’s and Don’ts and a 7-minute video on Snakebite
- Key strategic actions taken –
- Human-health Component – Surveillance of snake bite case, emergency care services, anti-snake venom at all health facilities, and institutionalization of Regional Venom Centre
- Wildlife-health component – Public and education awareness, systemic research & monitoring, snake venom collection and snake relocation
- Animal and agriculture component – Prevention of snake bites in livestock, community engagement etc.
- Key stakeholders acts as nodal agency –
- Directly involves in providing technical and logistic support to the State/District and below level and helps in formalizing the State Action Plan
- States identifies and nominates the State and District Nodal Officer (SNO & DNO)
Snakebite Envenoming:
- A potentially life-threatening disease caused from the bite of a venomous snake
- Causes – Paralysis, bleeding disorders, kidney failure and local tissue destruction etc.
- WHO – listed as highest priority Neglected Tropical Disease
- India –
- Globally accounts for 50% of all snakebite deaths
- Known as the Snakebite capital of the world
- Around 90% of snakebites are caused by the ‘Big 4 Crawlers’ – Common Krait, Indian Cobra, Russell’s Viper and Saw Scaled Viper
Source: PIB
Previous Year Question
Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?
1. Genetic predisposition of some people
2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming
4. Multiple chronic diseases in some peopleSelect the correct answer using the code given below:
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2019 Prelims]
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Option 1 is not correct:
A genetic predisposition means people who inherit genetic disorders or illness from the parents
Option 4 is not correct:
Multiple chronic diseases in some people is not a reason for multidrug resistance.
