Context:
Kerala Kalamandalam has lifted gender restrictions for boys to learn Mohiniyattam.
Mohiniyattam:
- Mohiniyattam – It is the classical solo dance form of Kerala.
- History and Evolution –
- Its roots date back to the age-old Sanskrit Hindu text on performing arts called ‘Natya Shastra’.
- It is used to be performed by Devadasis in temples during the Chera kingdom
- Major themes – Love and devotion to God usually Lord Vishnu
- Characteristics –
- Hand gestures, 24 in number, are mainly adopted from ‘Hastha Lakshana Deepika’, a text followed by Kathakali.
- Basic movements called adavukal.
- Adheres to the Lasya type that showcases a more graceful, gentle and feminine form of dancing.
- Lays emphasis on Mukhabhinaya or subtle facial expressions.
- Song is customarily in Manipravala, which is a mix of Sanskrit and Malayalam language.
- Costumes – Plain white or Ivory cream traditional sari embroidered with bright gold-laced brocade.
- Instruments used – Mridangam, Madhalam, ldakka, flute, Veena and Kuzhitalam(cymbals).
Source: The Hindu
Previous Year Question
In the context of cultural history of India, a pose in dance and dramatics called ‘Tribhanga’ has been a favourite of Indian artists from ancient times till today. Which one of the following statements best describes this pose?
[UPSC Civil Service Exam – 2013 Prelims]
(a) One leg is bent, and the body is slightly but oppositely curved at waist and neck
(b) Facial expressions, hand gestures and make-up are combined to symbolise certain epic or historic characters
(c) Movements of body, face and hands are used to express oneself or to tell a story
(d) A little smile, slightly curved waist and certain hand gestures are emphasised to express the feelings of love or eroticism
Answer: (a)
