Context:
First Asian Buddhist Summit 2024 concluded in New Delhi.
Asian Buddhist Summit:
- Organised by – India’s Ministry of Culture and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC)
- Key Themes –
- Buddhist Art, Architecture, and Heritage – Highlights the rich cultural legacy of Buddhist landmarks like Great Stupa of Sanchi and Ajanta caves.
- Buddha Cārikā and Dissemination of Buddha Dhamma – Focuses on Buddha’s travels (Buddha Cārikā) and his role in spreading teachings across India.
- Role of Buddhist Relics and its Relevance in Society – Support local economies through pilgrimage tourism, and promote peace and compassion.
- Role of Buddhist Literature and Philosophy in the 21st Century – Demonstrates Buddhism’s relevance in philosophical discourse.
- Buddha Dhamma in Scientific Research and Well-being – Integrates Buddhist principles with scientific research to enhance mental and physical health.
4 Buddhist Councils in history:
| Councils | Patronage | Presided by | Place | Significance |
| 1st Council (486 BC) | Ajatashatru (Haryanka dynasty) | Mahakassapa | Rajgriha | Compilation of Vinay Pitaka and Sutta Pitaka |
| 2nd Council (383 BC) | Kalashoka (Shishunaga dynasty) | Sabakami | Vaishali | Emergence of the two different schools of thought- Sthaviravadins and Mahasamghikas. |
| 3rd Council (247 BC) | Asoka (Maurya) | Moggaliputta Tissa. | Paṭaliputra | Abhidhamma Pitaka (dealt with the philosophy of Buddha) was compiled |
| 4th Council (72 AD) | Kanishka (Kushan Dynasty) | Vasumitra | Kashmir | Emergence of Hinayana (Lesser Vehicle) and Mahayana (Greater Vehicle ) schools of Buddhism during this council. |
Other Initiatives to Support Buddhism:
Read about Buddhist Ethics
Source: Economic Times
Previous Year Question
In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist centre under the Mahasanghikas, located?
[UPSC Civil Service Exam – 2023 Prelims]
(a) Andhra
(b) Gandhara
(c) Kalinga
(d) Magadha
Answer: (a)
