Context:
The Yamuna River floods, causing water to advance deeper into the city, resulting in flooding at Rajghat and reaching the vicinity of the Supreme Court.
About Floods:
- A flood occurs when there is an excess of water that spills over onto the land, typically caused by factors such as heavy rainfall or other natural calamities.
- Types of Flood – Coastal Floods,Flash Floods, River Floods, Pluvial Floods, Urban Floods
Flash Floods are highly localized events of short duration with a very high peak and usually have less than six hours between the occurrence of the rainfall and peak flood.
Pluvial floods occur in areas that cannot hold rainwater and end up forming puddles and ponds. These are the event of rural areas.
- Floods in India –
- More than 40 mha is flood pronein India.
- High flood-prone Regions–Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Southern Gujarat, Brahmaputra Valley.
About National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA):
- Apex statutory body for disaster management in India.
- Act – Disaster Management Act, 2005
- Composition – Prime Minister as Chairperson + 9 members
- Mandate – To coordinate response to natural or man-made disasters and for capacity-building in disaster resiliency and crisis response.
- Vision – To build a safer and disaster resilient India by a holistic, proactive, technology driven and sustainable development strategy.
About Yamuna River:
- Major and longest tributary of the Ganges.
- Origin – Yamunotri glacier near Banderpoonch peaks (lowerHimalayan ranges)
- Meets the Ganges at the Sangam in Prayagraj.
- Major Dams – Lakhwar-Vyasi Dam, Renukaji Dam, Kishau Dam.
- Tributaries – Tons (largest tributary), Chambal, Hindon, Betwa and Ken.
- Basin areas – Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh.
- Features –
- Forests of Alder and Blue pine
- Surya Kund, a hot water pool at Yamunotri
- Tons river flows through Gobind Pashu Vihar Sanctuary
Source: The Hindu
Gandikota canyon of South India was created by which one of the following rivers?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2022 Prelims]
- Cauvery
- Manjira
- Pennar
- Tungabhadra
