Context:
Convention on Biological Diversity’s (CBD) Scientific body adopted recommendations to implement Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF)
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework:
- Non-binding framework adopted at the 15th Conference of Parties (COP) to the CBD in Montreal (2022).
- Aim – To halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030.
- Targets – Key target known as 30×30 Deal
- Restore 30% degraded ecosystems globally (on land and sea) by 2030
- Conserve and manage 30% areas (terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine) by 2030
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD):
- A legally binding treaty to conserve biodiversity (ratified by 196 nations)
- Objective – To protect biodiversity, ensure sustainable use, and promote fair and equitable benefit sharing.
- CBD Secretariat – Montreal, Canada.
- The Parties (Countries) under CBD, meet at regular intervals and these meetings are called Conference of Parties (COP).
- Supplementary Agreements:
- Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety – Seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology.
- Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (ABS) – Adopted in 2010 in Nagoya, Japan at COP10.
- India enacted Biological Diversity Act in 2002 for giving effect to the provisions of the CBD.
Source: Convention on Biological Diversity
Pervious Year Question
Consider the following pairs:
Terms have sometimes seen in the news Their origin
1. Annex-I Countries Cartagena Protocol
2. Certified Emissions Reductions Nagoya Protocol
3. Clean Development Mechanism Kyoto Protocol
which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2016 Prelims]
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
Option 1 is not correct:
Annex I countries comes under Kyoto Protocol
Cartagena Protocol – convention that governs the international movement of living-modified organisms (LMOs).
Option 2 is not correct:
Nagoya Protocol – to ensure that the benefits of using genetic resources and traditional knowledge are shared in a fair and equitable way.
