Context:
4th edition of ILO Global Estimates on International Migrants in the labour force released.
Key Findings:
- International Migrants: Reached 284.5 million, with 255.7 million in the global working-age population (aged 15 and over).
- International Migrants refers to individuals residing in a country other than their country of birth, including refugees, asylum seekers, and related groups.
- Gender Distribution: 38.7% of international migrants in the labor force are women, while 61.3% are men.
- Labor Force Contribution: International migrants accounted for 4.7% of the global labor force in 2022.
- Unemployment: Higher unemployment rate for international migrants compared to non-migrants.
- Unemployment for migrant women was 8.7%, higher than for migrant men (6.2%
- Regional Distribution –
- High-Income Countries: 68.4% of migrants in the labour force were in high-income countries (114.7 million people).
- Upper-Middle-Income Countries: 17.4% of migrants in the labour force were in upper-middle-income countries (29.2 million people).
- Regions: The majority of the international migrants in the labour force in 2022 resided in Northern, Southern and Western Europe (23.3%); Northern America (22.6%); and the Arab States (13.5%).
- Sectoral Distribution
- Services Sector: 68.4% of migrants were employed in the services sector, compared to 51.5% of non-migrants.
- Care Economy: 28.8% of migrant women and 12.4% of migrant men were employed in the care economy, compared to 19.2% of non-migrant women and 6.2% of non-migrant men.
Key Initiatives:
- International Organization for Migration (IOM): Established in 1951, leading inter-governmental organization in migration.
- International Labour Organization (ILO): Advocates for migrant workers’ rights and promotes fair labor migration practices through conventions.
- International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (1990): Adopted by the UN General Assembly.
- Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (2018): 1st intergovernmental agreement covering all dimensions of international migration.
Read more about World Migration Report 2024
Source: TH
Previous Year Question
International Labour Organization’s Conventions 138 and 182 are related to:
[UPSC Civil Service Exam – 2018 Prelims]
(a) Child Labour
(b) Adaptation of agricultural practices to global climate change
(c) Regulation of food prices and food security
(d) Gender parity at the workplace
Answer: (a)