Context:
Golden jubilee celebration of Amul
History of Amul:
- Established in – 1946 in Anand, Gujarat.
- Founded by – Tribhuvandas Patel and Dr. Verghese Kurian
- Dr. Verghese Kurian – Known as the Father of the White Revolution
- Managed by – Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd. (GCMMF), which is jointly owned by more than 3.6 million milk producers in Gujarat.
- Played a pivotal role in India’s White Revolution
India’s Dairy Sector:
- India is the highest milk producer in the world
- Contribute 24% of global milk production in the year 2021-22.
- In the last 10 years, milk production increased by almost 60% and per capita milk availability has increased by about 40%.
- Top milk-producing states – Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh.
- Indian dairy sector is growing by 6% per year as compared to the global average of 2%.
Operation Flood:
- Origin – Successful implementation of the Green Revolution paved the way for India to initiate Operation Flood.
- Launched in – 1970.
- Spearheaded by – National Dairy Development Board
- Aim – Establishing a national grid to streamline the production and distribution of milk across the country.
- Phase I (1970–80) – Financed by the European Economic Community (EEC) through the World Food Program (WFP) to establish milk cooperatives.
- Phase II (1981-85) – Led to the development of the dairy industry in the states of Karnataka, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh.
- Phase III (1985-96) – Emphasized veterinary care and better breeding practices.
Source: The Indian Express
Previous Year Question
Consider the following States:
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Kerala
3. Himachal Pradesh
4. Tripura
How many of the above are generally known as tea-producing States?
[UPSC Civil Service Exam – 2022 Prelims]
(a) Only one State
(b) Only two States
(c) Only three States
(d) All four States
Answer: (d)
