Q. Indian diaspora has scaled new heights in the West. Describe its economic and political benefits for India. (150 words, 10 marks)
Why the Question?
UPSC PYQ – CSE Mains – 2023
Keywords of the Question
- Indian diaspora – new heights in the West
- Economic and political benefits
Directive Word
Describe – Provide a detailed explanation as to how and why something happens
How to approach this Question?
Introduction
- Briefly define the Indian diaspora.
- State the focus of the answer: economic and political benefits for India.
Body
Significant Achievements of the Indian Diaspora in the West
- Leadership roles in multinational corporations.
- Contributions to academia and research.
- Success in politics and public service.
- Achievements in arts, culture, and sports.
- Influence in media and entertainment.
Economic Benefits
- Remittances: Highlight the contribution of remittances to India’s economy.
- Investments and Entrepreneurship: Mention investments by diaspora entrepreneurs in various sectors.
- Knowledge and Innovation: Discuss the role of diaspora in driving technological advancements and innovation.
- Humanitarian Assistance: Note the diaspora’s support during crises.
- Trade and Business Networks: Explain how the diaspora facilitates international trade and business connections.
- Tourism: Mention the boost in tourism due to diaspora connections.
Political Benefits
- Diplomatic Influence: Explain how the diaspora influences policies and strengthens diplomatic ties.
- Cultural Diplomacy: Describe the role of the diaspora in promoting Indian culture and enhancing soft power.
- Lobbying for Indian Interests: Highlight efforts in lobbying for trade agreements, defense partnerships, etc.
- Enhancing India’s Image: Mention the positive perception created by successful individuals of Indian origin in Western countries.
- Political Representation: Discuss the impact of Indian-origin politicians in Western countries.
- Support in International Forums: Note the diaspora’s role in garnering support for India in international organizations.
Conclusion
- Summarize the key points discussed.
- Emphasize the overall impact of the Indian diaspora on India’s economic and political landscape.
- Conclude with a forward-looking statement on the potential future contributions of the diaspora.
Note: Please note that the following ‘answers’ are not ‘model answers’ nor are they synopses in the strictest sense. Instead, they are content designed to meet the demands of the question while providing comprehensive coverage of the topic.
Answer Key
Introduction
The Indian diaspora, comprising Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs), has made significant strides in various fields across Western countries. Their achievements span leadership roles in multinational corporations, contributions to academia, politics, arts, and more. This answer will focus on the economic and political benefits that these accomplishments bring to India.
Body
Significant Achievements of the Indian Diaspora in the West
- Leadership in Multinational Corporations: Indian-origin CEOs like Sundar Pichai (Google) and Satya Nadella (Microsoft) have expanded their companies’ operations in India, creating jobs and fostering technological growth.
- Contributions to Academia and Research: Academics like Nobel laureate Abhijit Banerjee have contributed to global research while maintaining strong ties with Indian institutions.
- Success in Politics and Public Service: Kamala Harris, the Vice President of the United States, and Rishi Sunak, the Prime Minister of the UK, exemplify the political influence of the Indian diaspora.
- Achievements in Arts, Culture, and Sports: Artists like Mindy Kaling and athletes like Sunil Gulati (former President of U.S. Soccer) have raised the profile of Indian talent globally.
- Influence in Media and Entertainment: Figures like Hasan Minhaj have used their platforms to highlight issues relevant to both India and the diaspora community.
Economic Benefits
- Remittances: The Indian diaspora contributes significantly to India’s economy through remittances. In 2023, India received $125 billion in remittances, the highest in the world.
- Investments and Entrepreneurship: Diaspora entrepreneurs invest in various sectors in India. For instance, Sundar Pichai announced a $10 billion investment in India through the Google for India Digitization Fund.
- Knowledge and Innovation: Indian professionals in tech hubs like Silicon Valley drive innovation and technological advancements, benefiting India’s tech ecosystem. For example, the collaboration between Indian startups and Silicon Valley firms has led to significant technological transfers.
- Humanitarian Assistance: The diaspora has provided substantial support during crises, such as the Kerala floods and the COVID-19 pandemic, through donations and relief efforts.
- Trade and Business Networks: The diaspora facilitates international trade and business connections, enhancing India’s global trade relations. The India-US Strategic Partnership Forum is one such example.
- Tourism: The diaspora promotes tourism to India, contributing to the economy. Campaigns like “Incredible India” have been bolstered by the diaspora’s efforts to attract tourists.
Political Benefits
- Diplomatic Influence: The Indian diaspora influences policies and strengthens diplomatic ties. The Congressional Caucus on India and Indian Americans in the U.S. Congress plays a significant role in U.S.-India relations.
- Cultural Diplomacy: The diaspora promotes Indian culture through events like Diwali celebrations, enhancing India’s soft power. For example, Diwali is celebrated at prominent locations like Times Square in New York.
- Lobbying for Indian Interests: Diaspora groups lobby for trade agreements, defense partnerships, and nuclear cooperation. Their efforts were instrumental in the success of the Indo-US Civil Nuclear Deal.
- Enhancing India’s Image: Successful individuals of Indian origin, such as Kamala Harris, elevate India’s visibility and influence in global politics.
- Political Representation: Indian-origin politicians in Western countries advocate for policies favorable to India. Rishi Sunak’s leadership in the UK is a notable example.
- Support in International Forums: The diaspora helps garner support for India in international organizations like the United Nations. Their advocacy has been crucial in India’s bid for a permanent seat on the UN Security Council.
Conclusion
The Indian diaspora’s achievements in the West have brought substantial economic and political benefits to India. Their contributions through remittances, investments, and diplomatic influence have significantly bolstered India’s global standing. Looking ahead, the continued engagement of the diaspora will be crucial in driving India’s growth and enhancing its international influence.
Mind Map
